Dish washer and drier



Dec. 15, 1931. w H KADESCH 1,836,373

DISH WASHER AND DRIER Filed Sept. 8, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l I. w 44' ix Dec. 15, 1931. w. H. KADESCH DISH WASHER AND DRIER Filed Sept. 8, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 :4 m M g A $67].

gaff??? for rag/ Patented Dec. 15, 1931 PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM OF CEDAR FALLS, IOWA DISH W AND DRIER Application filed September 8, 1828. Serial H0. 804,772.

The object of this invention is to provide a dish washer and drier which is simple,

durable and comparatively inexpensive 1n construction.

A further object of my invention is to provide a device of the character herein disclosed especially adapted for washing dishes by a process which is automatic, the device being easy and convenient to operate and during operation effectively removing all grease etc., from the dishes.

Still a further object is to provide in such a device, means for washing the dishes by the use of highly heated water, the parts of the device beingl so arranged that the water is brought to igh temperature gradually so that danger of breaking articles, especially those made of glass, is entirely eliminated.

Still a further object is to providev a selfcontained apparatus in the device for generating a source of power for forcing the water 1n streams or jets against all surfaces of the dishes for more effectively cleaning such surfaces.

More particularly, it is my object to provide a dish washer and drier consisting of a washing chamber adapted to contain dishes of all kinds and silverware as well as pots and pans and to provide in connection with the washing chamber a means for heating a Washing fluid and forcing it into the washing chamber from a plurality of nozzles and for thereafter draining the liquid from the washing chamber to be again forced against the surfacesof the dishes after the tempera ture has been raised slightly, whereby the cycle .of operations is repeated until the.

dishes are completely cleansed.

Still a further object is to provide means for forcing the water against the surfaces of the dishes consisting of a pressure generator in which the pressure is intermittently increased and decreased for forming a pumping action, the means for causing such 'increase and decrease including a heating mechanism for boilingwater within the generator and converting it into steam.

Stilla further object is to condense the steam after it has been generated and then allow it to regenerate, these steps being ininvention consists in the construction, ar-

rangement and combination of the various parts of my device, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a plan view of my dish washer and drier showing a portion of the lid broken away to illustrate the interior of the washing chamber.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same.

Figure 3 is an enlar (1 detail sectional view on the line 33 0 Figure 2.

Figure 3a is an enlarged sectional view on the portion 3a3a of the line 33 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is an elevation of a modified form of water discharging nozzle used in connection with my device; and

Figures 6 and 7 are diagrammatic views illustrating the operation of the apparatus.

On the accompanying drawings, I have used the reference numerals 10 and 12 to indicate supporting legs of the device. A washing chamber A is secured adjacent the upper ends of the legs 10 and 12 and is provi ed with a removable cover or lid 14. A casing 16 extends partially around the space between the bottom of the washing chamber A and the floor 18 on which the device rests. The casing 16 extends from one leg 10 to the other, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 1 of the drawin A The open ront part of the casing 16 is normally closed by means of a pair of doors 20 hinged as at 22 to the legs 10. Latch'devices 24 are provided for maintaining the doors 20 in closed position.

Within the casing 16 and resting on the bottom 26 thereof is a liquid chamber B. Above the liquid chamber B is a pressure generator C. On the interior of the washing chamber A, racks 28 are provided for supporting dishes, glassware, silverware, and pots and pans. The racks 28 are preferably of open construction so that a washing liquid may be discharged onto all surfaces of the dishes or other articles carried thereby. The racks 28 may be of any desirable form for supporting the articles to be washed in the desired position for draining of the washing liquid therefrom after the washing process has been completed.

Extending into the washing chamber A is a discharge tube 30. The discharge tube 30 is rovided with a shoulder 34 on its lower en ,iresting in a fitting 36 on the end of a tube 38. A sleeve 40 is provided for holding the discharge tube 30 within the fitting 36 and for supporting it for rotation relative thereto. The fitting 36 and the tube 38 are provided with a water-tight connection with the bottom of the washing chamber A.

The tube 38 extends downwardly and connects with a receiver tube 42 extending into the liquid chamber B and terminating adjacent the bottom thereof. Means for a water-tight connection between the top 44 of the liquid chamber B and the receiver tube 42 is rovided.

return tube 46 is provided for returning liquid from the washing chamber A to the liquid chamber B. The return tube 46 is con- I nected with the bottom of the washing chamber A and with a tube 48 extending into the liquid chamber B.

The tube 48 is flared at its lower end as in dicated at 50 for forming a valve seat adjacent the bottom of the liquid chamber-B. A valve member 52 is received within the valve seat 50 and is retained therein by cross bars 54 at the end of the flared portion 50. The cross bars 54 may be of wire or sheet metal and are provided for the valve member 52 to rest on when not in the raised position illustrated in Figures3 and 6 of the drawings.

The valve member 52 is of such specific gravity that it will float in a washing liquid 56 contained in the liquid chamber B.

For filling the liquid chamber B, I provide a filler tube 58 terminating in a funnelsha ed receiving end 60. A' removable plug 62 is provided for closing the tube 58 after the washing fluid 56 has been poured into the liquid chamber B. The washing fluid may be either clear water, water contai ing soap or washing soda or any other desira le liquid which will eflectively remove grease from the dishes. 1 v

The generator C comprises a lower; compart ment 64 and an upper compartment 66 which I will refer to as the steam and pressure compartments respectively. The compartments 64 and 66 are separated by a flexible dia- 'phragm 68. The two compartments are formed of pan-shaped members having flanges 70 at their edges, which may be clamped together with the peripheral edge of the diaphragm 68 between them by means of any type of suitable clamping devices. On the accom anying drawings, I have illustrated U-s aped members 72 with levers 74 associated therewith. Each lever 74 is provided with an opening to receive one end 0 the member 72, the other end of which coacts with one of the flanges 70. An end of the lever 74 coacts with the other flange 70 and notches may be provided in the flanges for these coacting ends of the U-shaped members 72 and the levers 74.

The pressure compartment 66 is connected by a pressure tube 76 to the top 44 of the liquid chamber B as best shown in Figure 4 of the drawings. The tube 76 is flared as indicated at 78 for forming a valve seat similar to the valve seat 50 of the tube 48. A valve member 80 and cross bars 82 are mounted within the flared portion 78 and are similarin construction to the members 52 and 54 already described.

Surrounding the chamber 64 is an annular passageway 84 adjacent the top of the chamber. The bottom of the passageway 84 is provided with a plurality of spaced openings 86 adjacent the side of the compartment 64., The passageway 84 is connected by a siphon tube 88 with the bottom of the washing chamber A.

Extending around the bottom of the chamber 64 is an annular channel 90 adapted to receive a liquid flowing from the passageway.

84 through the openings 86 and down the sides of the chamber 64. The channel 90 is connected by a tube 92 with a tube 94 extending through the top 44 of the liquid chamber B and terminating adjacent the bottom of the chamber B. The lower end of the tube 94 is flared as at 96 and is provided with a valve member 98 and cross bars 100 similar to the members 50, 52 and 54 already described in connection with the tube 48. A

discharge nozzle 102 is provided in connection with the chamber B and the opening leading thereto is normally closed by a screw plug 104.

By opening the discharge nozzle 102, the washing liquid 56 may be drained from my dish washing device.

The steam chamber 64 is adapted to receive water 106 to be converted into steam by means of a burner 108. The burner 108 may be of gas, electric, or other type for the purpose of boiling the water 106. For admitting the water 106 to the chamber 64, I provide a funnel-shaped fillentube 110 into which the water may be pourerl. Such water will then flow through a tube 112 into the compartment 64. A valve 114 is provided in conneccompartment 64. The valve 114 is rvided with an operating lever 120 and t e doors are provided with an opening 126 through which the lever 120 may be manipulated. The opening 126 provides for the funnel 110 to extend out beyond the doors and an opening 124 likewise provides for the filler tube 60 to extend beyond the doors. By this arrangement, the doors do not have to be open in order to introduce the washing fluid 56 and the water 106 to the device. If desired, direct connections to a water main may be made with the generator C and the liquid chamber B.

Practical operation In the operation of my device, the dishes or other articles to be washed are placed in the racks 28 and the washing chamber A covered by the cover member 14. The washing liquid 56 is then introduced into the 1 liquid chamber B in suflicient amounts to substantially fill the same without flowing up into the tube 38.

The valve 114 is moved to open position and water 106 is poured into the steam compartment 64 of the generator C. The level of the water should be about as indicated on the drawings and the gauge glass 118 is provided for the purpose of showing just what the water level is. The .burner 108 is now lighted for the purpose of generating steam within the compartment 64 by vaporizing the water 106. After steam has commenced to be generated, the valve 114 is moved to closed position.

It will be obvious that a pressure produced within the pressure compartment 66 will be conducted to the liquid chamber B and exert a pressure therein which will force the liquid 56 downwardly in the chamber and up through the tubes 42 and 38. The valve members 52 and 98 will be in closed position becauseof their buoyancy? These members will have moved to closed position when the liquid 56 is' first poured into the chamber B. The washing liquid 56' flowing upwardly in the tube 38 will be discharged into the tube 30, from whence it will flow through discharge nozzles 122 and be discharged against the dishes on theracks 28.

The discharge nozzles 122 are tapered to; ward their outer ends and the ends are bent slightly, as indicated in Figures 1 and 3 of the drawings. Someof the bent outer ends are turned upwardly, some downwardly and some in a horizontal direction. Preferably,

through t e tubes 42, 38 and 30 several are turned in the same direction horizontally so that as the fluid 56 is discharged from them they will cause a turning torque on the tube 30, thereby tending to rotate it. Thus, the nozzles 122 are directed toward all points on the circumference of the washing chamber A and thoroughly discharge the washing liquid 56 on every surface of the dishes. Some of the outer ends of the nozzles 122 being turned in various directions also insures that the washing fluid 56 will be evenly discharged onto the surfaces of the dishes.

I have been describing the discharge of the washing fluid 56 as though a pressure has been created within the pressure compartment 66 of the generator C. Such pressure is generated by the formation of steam within the steam compartment 64 which forces the flexible diaphragm 68 upwardly, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 3 of the drawings and as shown in full lines in the diagrammatic view, Figure 6. In Figure 6, it will be seen that the air within the compartment 66 is being forced into the chamber B and thereby forcing the liquid 56 from the nozzles 122. The liquid 56 will now collect in the washing chamber A and some of it will flow downwardly and fill the tubes 46 and 48, but will not pass the valve 52, due to the liquid chamber B.

the pressure within uld rises in the washing As the level of li chamber A, it will ow over the upper bent end of the siphon tube 88 and commence flowing downwardly through the siphon tube and into the passageway 84. From the passageway 84 the liquid 56 flows down the outside of the compartment 64, thereby cooling the same and at the same time absorbing some of the heat therefrom. Such cooling of the compartment 64 will cause the steam therein to condense, whereupon the diaphragm 68 will move downwardly to its full line position shown in'Figures3 and 7.

This operation will reduce the pressure within the pressure compartment 66 and also within the liquid chamber B. Upon such reduction of pressure within the chamber B, the liqui 56 will cease flowing upwardly and the valve 52 will open. Such opening of the valve 52 allows the liquid 56 from the washing chamber A to return to the liquid chamber B. While it is returning, however, and until it has all returned, the liquid .56 will still be flowing into-the passageway 84 for causing condensatlon of the steam within the compartment 64. Such flow will be caused by the siphon action of the tube 88.

The liquid flowing down the sides of the steam compartment 64 of the generator will duction of pressure within the chamber B. After the liquid 56 has ceased flowing from the passa eway 84, steam will again commence to In: generated within the compartment 64 for building up the pressure within the compartment 66, whereupon the cycle of operations thus far described will be repeated.

During the washing process, a series of these cycles will occur andeach time the liquid 56 overflows through the siphon tube 88, a portion of it will be heated, due to its contact with the outside surface of the hot steam compartment 64, whereby the liquid 56 is gradually brought to a thoroughly heated condition. Thus, any. glassware within the washing compartment A is gradually brought to a high temperature and danger of such glassware being broken is entirely eliminated.

The valve 80 is provided merely for the purpose of preventing an upward flow of liquid through the air tube 76 in the event that the compartment B is too full of liquid. In Figure 5 of the drawings, I have shown a modified form of discharge tube structure to replace the discharge tube 30 and nozzles 122;

The structure shown in Figure 5 consists of a tube 39, which is merely an extension of the tube 38. The tube 39 is provided with radially extending discharge tubes 41 on which flexible discharge nozzles 123 are positio d; ",The force of liquid 56 flowing from th exible nozzles 123 causes them to rapidly vibrate in all directions, thus making rotation b f'the tube 30 unnecessary. Either type of device for discharging liquid 56 onto the dishes will work satisfactorily in a dish washer as herein described. v

After the dishes'have been Washed, a stream of hot water under pressure may be used for rinsing them, after which they may be left to dry by their own heat. Such water and the liquid 56 may be then drained into the sewer by opening the drain valve 104.

From the foregoing description, it will be obvious that I haveprovided a dish washer and drier, the use ofwhich is sanitary, since it avoids the use of a cloth or towel in either the washing or the drying process.

My device is also a convenient place for the'storing of dishes before they are washed and in' case they are not to be washed immediately. By keeping the dishes covered, drying out and encrusting of the food on them is prevented. Thus, two or three meals dishes may be washed at one time.

If desired, the dishes may be left in the washer and drier after they have been' dried, which'also eliminates handling of the dishes,

- thereby reducing breakage.

I have provided a novel type of construction for discharging water onto all surfaces of the dishes, whereby they are'thoroughly cleansed. Various changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of the parts of my device without departing from the real spirit and purpose of my invention, and it is m intention to cover by my claims, any modified forms of structure or use of mechanical equivalents, which may be reasonably included within their scope.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber and a heat actuated pressure generator, said chambers and generator being operatively connected together whereby the generator forces the liquid from said liquid chamber into said washing chamber, and cooling means for cooling said generator to reduce the pressure therein and allow the liquid to return from said washing chamber to said liquid chamber.

2. In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber and a heat responsive pressure generator, said chambers and generator being operatively connected together whereby the generator forces the liquid from said liquid chamber into said Washing chamber, and means for conducting liquid onto said generator.

3. In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber and a heat responsive pressure generator, said chambers and generator being operatively connected together whereby the generator forces the liquid from said liquidchamber into said washing chamber, means for intermittently conducting liquid from the washing chamber onto the surface of said generator for thereby reducing the pressure in said generator whereby the pressure in said generator is intermittently built up aftereach of such operations, said liquid, in reducing the pressure, absorbing heat from the generator, and means for returning said liquid to.said liquid chamber whereby the entire body of liquid gradually becomes heated.

4. In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber, means of communication between said chambers, a heat actuated pressure generator in communication with said liquid chamber for forcing a liquid from said liquid chamber intp said Washing chamber and cooling means for cooling said generator therebyto reduce the pressure therein and allow the liquid to return to the-liquid chamber.

5. In a device of the character disclosed, a

washingchamber, a liquid chamber, means v of communication between said chambers and mechanism for forcing a liquid from said liquid chamber into said washing chamber and then allowing its return to the liquid chamber, said mechanism comprising a heat responsive pressure cation with said liquid chamber and adapted to exert a pressure therein and a cooling means for said generator for reducing the generator in communipressure in both the generator and the liquid chamber.

6. In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber, means of communication between said chambers and mechanism for forcing a liquid from said liquid chamber into said washing chamber and then allowin its return to the liquid chamber, said mec anism being operated intermittently, and comprising a heat responsive pressure generator in communication with said liquid chamber and ada ted to exert a pressure therein, and means or conducting liquid over the exterior surface of the generator for cooling the same and thereby reducing the pressure therein.

7. In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber connected therewith, 'means for expelling a liquid from said liquid chamber and into said washing chamber, said means comprising a pressure. generator including a generating chamber and an air chamber, the latter being in communication with the liquid chamber, means for heating the generating chamber and thereby generating pressure therein, and means for transmitting such pressure to the air in the air chamber.

8 In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber connected therewith, means for expelling a liquid from said liquid chamber and into said washing chamber, said means comprising a pressure generator including a generating chamber and an air chamber, means for enerating pressure in the generating cham er, means of communication between said air chamber and said liquid chamber and a flexible diaphragm between the generating chamber and the air chamber.

9. In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber, a heat responsive pressure generator in communication with said liquid chamber for forcing liquid from the liquid chamber to the washing chamber, means for returning said liquid from the washing chamber to the liquid chamber and means for diverting a portion of the returning liquid onto the pressure generator for causing the pressure within the generator to be reduced.

10. In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber, a heat responsive pressure generator in communication with said liquid chamber for forcing liquid from the liquid chamber to the washing chamber, means for returning said liquid from the washing chamber to the liquid chamber and means for diverting a portion of the returning liquid onto the pressure generator for causing the pressure within the generator to be reduced, said last means including a siphon having its top portion above ihe level of the bottom of the, washing cham- 11. In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber, a pressure generator in communication wlth said liquid chamber for forcing liquid from the liquid chamber to the washing chamber,

means for returning said liquid from the washin chamber to the liquid chamber, means or diverting a portion of the returning liquid onto the pressure generator for causing the pressure within the enerator to be reduced, and check means tween the pressure generator and the liquid chamber and between the washing chamber and the liquid chamber, to prevent return flow of liquid from the liquid chamber to the pressure generator and from the liquid chamber to the washing chamber through said liquid returning means respectively.

12. In a device of the character disclosed, a

washing chamber, a liquid chamber, a pressure generator in communication with said liquid chamber for forcing liquid from the liquid chamber to the washin chamber, means for returning said liqui from the washin chamber to the li uid chamber and means or diverting a portlon of the returning liquid onto the pressure generator for causing the pressure within the generator to be reduced, and check means between the pressure generator and the liquid chamber and between the washing chamber and the liquid chamber to prevent return flow of liquid from the liquid chamber to the pressure generator and from the liquid chamber to the washing chamber through said liquid returning means respectively, said check means including plug members of less specific gravity than the liquid to allow the free passage of air in either direction when the level of the liquid is lower than 1 the plug members.

13. In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber connected therewith, means for expelling a liquid from said liquid chamber and into said tion when the level of the liquid is lower than 1 the plug member.

14. In a device of the character disclosed, a washing chamber, a liquid chamber connected therewith, a heat responsive pressure generator in communication with said liquid chamber for forcing liquid from the liquid chamber to the washing chamber, means for returning said liquid from the washing chamber to the liquid chamber and means for diverting a portlon of the returning liquid cine WILLIAM H. KADESCH. 

